The recent United Nations conference on climate change held in Dubai laid the groundwork for a rapid transition towards carbon neutrality by effectively reducing global greenhouse gas emissions by 43% by 2030 and thus limiting global warming to 1.5°C. Among the many proposed actions, improved energy efficiency by 2030 is particularly noteworthy (1).
Decarbonizing buildings has become a major challenge
Indeed, energy consumed by commercial buildings in the United States accounts for more than 16% of the country’s greenhouse gas emissions. In Canada, energy used in commercial, institutional, and residential buildings accounts for 17% of national greenhouse gas emissions (2).
Decarbonizing buildings has therefore become a major challenge due to their environmental impact throughout their life cycles. The materials used for construction, heating and cooling sources, and energy consumption methods are all sources of direct and indirect emissions that are harmful to the environment.
While many government and municipal entities advocate for complete electrification of real estate portfolios (carbon neutral) within their territories, a drastic transformation from gas heating to electric heating is currently not feasible due to excessive pressure on electricity networks, making it difficult, if not impossible, to handle the additional electricity demand.
Using AI as a permanent solution
One technological solution that could facilitate the decarbonization of buildings is the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI). AI can be used to analyze data on building energy consumption, identify areas for improvement, and propose solutions to reduce carbon emissions.
For example, using connected sensors and AI algorithms, it is possible to monitor a building’s energy consumption in real time, identify areas of waste, and propose corrective measures. AI can also be used to optimize heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems, taking into account factors such as weather, occupants’ demands, and energy constraints.
AI can also be used to predict future energy demand and optimize energy production and distribution. By analyzing weather data and consumption trends, AI can help anticipate peak demand and plan the use of renewable energies accordingly (3).
Finally, AI can also play a role in the design and construction of sustainable buildings. By using advanced simulation models and optimization algorithms, AI can help design energy-efficient buildings and choose the most sustainable and environmentally-friendly materials.
However, it is important to emphasize that AI is only a tool and cannot solve the decarbonization problem on its own. It is necessary to combine technological advancements with incentivizing public policies, strict regulations, and increased awareness among stakeholders in the real estate sector.
